Tingnan Coal Mine is an important coal mine in Shanxi Province, China. The shortest period of spontaneous combustion of the coal seam in Tingnan Coal Mine is 35 days, which determines that the spontaneous combustion tendency of the coal seam is grade one. At the same time, high gas also brought more pressure to Tingnan's fire prevention and daily production work. In this paper, the characteristic temperature point and reaction kinetic parameters of Tingnan coal were analyzed by thermogravimetric experiment, the internal functional group structure of coal was analyzed by FTIR test, and the physical and chemical properties of Tingnan coal were analyzed, thus it was determined that it was flammable. And by using the experimental methods of temperature-programmed oxidation and constant temperature oxidation, the release law of the index gases H2, CO, CO2 and C2H4 in the process of coal spontaneous combustion is studied, and the various gases produced in the process of coal spontaneous combustion and their relationship with the change of coal seam temperature are analyzed. , and selected the appropriate proportion of carbon oxides as the index gas for coal spontaneous combustion early warning. This research will help to improve the scientificity and effectiveness of coal mine safety management, and help to ensure the safe production and sustainable development of coal mines.