This thesis deals with the set-up of a simulation model for the deep rolling process on notched specimen. It also describes the aligned induced residual compressive stress which causes a significant increase of the fatigue strength. All simulations were conducted with the finite element program Abaqus. For the set-up, different approaches towards the material model such as the analysis of the ductile cracks and the implementation of cyclic material models into the deep rolling process were compared and analysed. The incremental damage dD is described as a function of the effective strain increment and the hydrostatic stress (standardised by the equivalent stress). Low Cycle Fatigue Assessment was conducted for the Combined Hardening Model by means of which a cyclic material behaviour can be shown. The experimentally obtained material data and hysteresis respectively are approached via the Combined Hardening Model to generate material parameters for the deep rolling process simulation. In order to further analyse the processes of the residual stress measurement, the material removal and the related stress redistribution have been simulated in this thesis. Based on these simulation results, the theory by Moore and Evans is also discussed. In this theory simple approximations have been developed in order to calculate the original residual stress distribution according to the measured stress. A better illustration of the material behaviour considering residual stress caused by deep rolling process leads to a simulation optimisation.