The company Binder+Co AG based in Gleisdorf is a long-established Austrian equipment and plant manufacturer in the sectors of “mineral processing technology”, “environmental engineering” and “packaging technology”. In the area of environmental technology, Binder+Co raised the bar inter alia in sensor-based sorting and reached global market leader status in glass recycling. Continuous improvement of this dry sorting technology, the search for new application fields with possible future applications as well as their limitations in raw minerals and waste processing were highly valued in cooperation with notable research institutions. The focus of this master thesis lied on experimental works with end-of-life scrap and emphasis on x-ray transmission. Starting with accounts on the current application fields and to date well-established sorting types the thesis continues with a depiction of the applied sequences of the electromagnetic spectrum including the required sensor types and possible application fields in raw materials and waste processing industries. A main focus was given to the functional principle of the dual-energy x-ray transmission sorting process (DE-XRT-sorting) and industrial application fields were exemplified. Hereupon, the many machine, process, and material parameters that are essential to performance optimization are assessed while the specifications of the DE-XRT-sorter of Binder+Co are further described. As a part of this thesis, the processability of the following mainly metallic end-of-life wastes has been evaluated by sensor-based sorting focusing on x-ray transmission sorting: 1.Mixed scrap from a municipal collection on the x-ray transmission sorter 2.Pre-processed scrap from large electric appliances on the visible light sorter as well as the x-ray transmission sorter 3.Car shredder product on the visible light sorter as well as the x-ray transmission sorter 4.Cast iron – steel – scrap on the x-ray transmission sorter 5.Rubber fraction after Eddy Current separation on the inductive sensor-based sorter The mentioned five raw materials as well as their processed products were assessed by fractional analysis and delineated in mass balance tables. As part of the experiments with the above mentioned secondary raw materials, an appropriate method for the optimization of the processability of secondary raw materials with dual-energy x-ray transmission as well as a search process for optimized parameters was developed.