TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparing the properties of cellulose nanofibrils from wood and bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies KARST.) and silver poplar (Populus alba L.)

AU - Supriyadi, Didik

AU - Bodner, Sabine

AU - Keckes, Jozef

AU - Gindl-Altmutter, Wolfgang

AU - Veigel, Stefan

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)

PY - 2024/6/4

Y1 - 2024/6/4

N2 - Bark, an underutilized biomass resource, is a promising raw material for cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) production due to its renewability, abundance, and low cost. Because data on the physical and chemical properties of bark-based CNF is scarce, we investigated the feasibility of CNF production from two different bark species (Norway spruce and silver poplar) using a combination of sequential extraction, delignification, and mechanical fibrillation. The chemical composition, crystallinity index, morphology, fibril diameter, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the CNF were evaluated and compared with those of wood-based CNF from the same species. The results showed that spruce bark yielded CNF virtually undistinguishable from spruce wood-derived CNF in terms of structure and mechanical properties of nanopapers made thereof. Nanopapers prepared from spruce wood and bark showed comparable tensile strength and Young's modulus of around 130 MPa and 15 GPa, respectively. Contrarily, CNF derived from poplar bark were different in structure compared to poplar wood CNF, and nanopapers produced from poplar bark CNF showed only modest mechanical performance. In summary, the extensive characterization carried out demonstrated the general feasibility of CNF production from tree bark but also revealed the need for further optimization, like in the case of poplar bark.

AB - Bark, an underutilized biomass resource, is a promising raw material for cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) production due to its renewability, abundance, and low cost. Because data on the physical and chemical properties of bark-based CNF is scarce, we investigated the feasibility of CNF production from two different bark species (Norway spruce and silver poplar) using a combination of sequential extraction, delignification, and mechanical fibrillation. The chemical composition, crystallinity index, morphology, fibril diameter, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the CNF were evaluated and compared with those of wood-based CNF from the same species. The results showed that spruce bark yielded CNF virtually undistinguishable from spruce wood-derived CNF in terms of structure and mechanical properties of nanopapers made thereof. Nanopapers prepared from spruce wood and bark showed comparable tensile strength and Young's modulus of around 130 MPa and 15 GPa, respectively. Contrarily, CNF derived from poplar bark were different in structure compared to poplar wood CNF, and nanopapers produced from poplar bark CNF showed only modest mechanical performance. In summary, the extensive characterization carried out demonstrated the general feasibility of CNF production from tree bark but also revealed the need for further optimization, like in the case of poplar bark.

KW - Bark

KW - Nanocellulose

KW - Nanopaper

KW - Poplar

KW - Spruce

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85195364314&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100527

DO - 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100527

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85195364314

VL - 7.2024

JO - Carbohydrate polymer technologies and applications

JF - Carbohydrate polymer technologies and applications

SN - 2666-8939

IS - June

M1 - 100527

ER -