Despite extensive protective actions, fires in waste storage facilities are a considerable problem and can cause significant damage to infrastructure and the environment. This thesis deals with the development of a method for preliminary fire risk assessment of such storage facilities as well as preventive actions. As an introduction, the existing concepts of risk management and industrial fire protection were discussed. Furthermore, the current state of research on the topic was given to provide a deeper understanding of the origins and effects of fires. Based on these principles, a systematic fire risk assessment that ensures a high degree of simplicity and flexibility in execution was developed. The implementation was carried out using a quantitative scenario analysis and the determination of relative values from relevant literature with subsequent presentation in a risk matrix. By examining a real waste storage facility in the context of a case study, the method could be validated and potential for further improvement was identified.