Electromechanical Behavior of Al/Al2O3 Multilayers on Flexible Substrates: Insights from In Situ Film Stress and Resistance Measurements

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Authors

  • Thomas E. J. Edwards
  • Emeze Huszar
  • Patric A. Gruber
  • Kevin-Peter Gradwohl
  • Daniel Többens
  • Johann Michler

External Organisational units

  • Eidgenössische Materialprüfanstalt, EMPA
  • Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus North
  • Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB)

Abstract

A series of Al and Al/Al2O3 thin-film multilayer structures on flexible polymer substrates are fabricated with a unique deposition chamber combining magnetron sputtering (Al) and atomic layer deposition (ALD, Al2O3, nominal thickness 2.4–9.4 nm) without breaking vacuum and thoroughly characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electromechanical behavior of the multilayers and Al reference films is investigated in tension with in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and four-point probe resistance measurements. All films exhibit excellent interfacial adhesion, with no delamination in the investigated strain range (12%). For the first time, an adhesion-promoting naturally forming amorphous interlayer is confirmed for thin films sputter deposited onto polymers under laboratory conditions. The evolution of Al film stresses and electrical resistance reveal changes in the deformation behavior as a function of oxide thickness. Strengthening of Al is observed with increasing oxide thickness. Significant embrittlement can be avoided for oxide layer thicknesses ≤2.4 nm.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number2200951
Number of pages15
Journal Advanced engineering materials
Volume24.2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023