TY - JOUR

T1 - Antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, and thermomechanical stability of Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 bulk metallic glass

AU - Rezvan, Amir

AU - Sharifikolouei, Elham

AU - Lassnig, Alice

AU - Soprunyuk, Viktor

AU - Gammer, Christoph

AU - Spieckermann, Florian

AU - Schranz, Wilfried

AU - Najmi, Ziba

AU - Cochis, Andrea

AU - Scalia, Alessandro Calogero

AU - Rimondini, Lia

AU - Manfredi, Marcello

AU - Eckert, Jürgen

AU - Sarac, Baran

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2022/8/3

Y1 - 2022/8/3

N2 - This paper envisions Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 bulk metallic glass as an oral implant material and evaluates its antibacterial performance in the inhabitation of oral biofilm formation in comparison with the gold standard Ti–6Al–4V implant material. Metallic glasses are superior in terms of biocorrosion and have a reduced stress shielding effect compared with their crystalline counterparts. Dynamic mechanical and thermal expansion analyses on Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 show that these materials can be thermomechanically shaped into implants. Static water contact angle measurement on samples' surface shows an increased surface wettability on the Ti–6Al–4V surface after 48 ​h incubation in the water while the contact angle remains constant for Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14. Further, high-resolution transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis have revealed that Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 interior is fully amorphous, while a 15 ​nm surface oxide is formed on its surface and assigned as copper oxide. Unlike titanium oxide formed on Ti–6Al–4V, copper oxide is hydrophobic, and its formation reduces surface wettability. Further surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of copper oxide on the surface. Metallic glasses cytocompatibility was first demonstrated towards human gingival fibroblasts, and then the antibacterial properties were verified towards the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans responsible for oral biofilm formation. After 24 ​h of direct infection, metallic glasses reported a >70% reduction of bacteria viability and the number of viable colonies was reduced by ∼8 times, as shown by the colony-forming unit count. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent images confirmed the lower surface colonization of metallic glasses in comparison with controls. Finally, oral biofilm obtained from healthy volunteers was cultivated onto specimens' surface, and proteomics was applied to study the surface property impact on species composition within the oral plaque.

AB - This paper envisions Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 bulk metallic glass as an oral implant material and evaluates its antibacterial performance in the inhabitation of oral biofilm formation in comparison with the gold standard Ti–6Al–4V implant material. Metallic glasses are superior in terms of biocorrosion and have a reduced stress shielding effect compared with their crystalline counterparts. Dynamic mechanical and thermal expansion analyses on Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 show that these materials can be thermomechanically shaped into implants. Static water contact angle measurement on samples' surface shows an increased surface wettability on the Ti–6Al–4V surface after 48 ​h incubation in the water while the contact angle remains constant for Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14. Further, high-resolution transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis have revealed that Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 interior is fully amorphous, while a 15 ​nm surface oxide is formed on its surface and assigned as copper oxide. Unlike titanium oxide formed on Ti–6Al–4V, copper oxide is hydrophobic, and its formation reduces surface wettability. Further surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of copper oxide on the surface. Metallic glasses cytocompatibility was first demonstrated towards human gingival fibroblasts, and then the antibacterial properties were verified towards the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans responsible for oral biofilm formation. After 24 ​h of direct infection, metallic glasses reported a >70% reduction of bacteria viability and the number of viable colonies was reduced by ∼8 times, as shown by the colony-forming unit count. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent images confirmed the lower surface colonization of metallic glasses in comparison with controls. Finally, oral biofilm obtained from healthy volunteers was cultivated onto specimens' surface, and proteomics was applied to study the surface property impact on species composition within the oral plaque.

KW - Antibacterial

KW - Bulk metallic glass

KW - Cytocompatible

KW - Oral implant

KW - Oral plaque

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135879316&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100378

DO - 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100378

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85135879316

VL - 16.2022

JO - Materials today bio

JF - Materials today bio

SN - 2590-0064

IS - December

M1 - 100378

ER -