TY - JOUR

T1 - On the applicability of carbon steels K55 and L80 for underground hydrogen storage

AU - Loder, Bernd

AU - Bhosale, Saurabh

AU - Eichinger, Matthias

AU - Mori, Gregor Karl

AU - Rokosz, Krzysztof

AU - Fournier, Cyriane

AU - Réveillère, Arnaud

AU - Bulidon, Nicolas

AU - Moli-Sanchez, Laura

AU - Mendibide, Christophe

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors

PY - 2024/2/22

Y1 - 2024/2/22

N2 - To evaluate the possibility of hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs, natural gas storage facilities, aquifers and salt caverns, the applicability of ferritic pearlitic K55 and tempered martensitic L80, both very frequently used as casings and tubings, has been investigated. Materials were investigated by means of high-pressure, high-temperature autoclave tests and analyses of the hydrogen uptake. The autoclave tests were performed on tensile specimens loaded with a spring at 90 % of the specified minimum yield strength, additionally the samples were analysed to determine the hydrogen uptake. Different gas compositions were considered (pure hydrogen, with or without the presence of CO2/H2S) under a hydrogen partial pressure of 120 bar. The tests were conducted in dry or wet environments. From the results, it can be seen that the hydrogen uptake is low even under the most severe conditions. However, from the mechanical test conducted in this study, it appears that the ferritic pearlitic K55 steel seems to be a suitable pipe material for underground hydrogen storage, and the higher strength steel L80 steel can be used only in non-sour environments (no significant amount of H2S in the reservoir, which is a priori the case of underground storages).

AB - To evaluate the possibility of hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs, natural gas storage facilities, aquifers and salt caverns, the applicability of ferritic pearlitic K55 and tempered martensitic L80, both very frequently used as casings and tubings, has been investigated. Materials were investigated by means of high-pressure, high-temperature autoclave tests and analyses of the hydrogen uptake. The autoclave tests were performed on tensile specimens loaded with a spring at 90 % of the specified minimum yield strength, additionally the samples were analysed to determine the hydrogen uptake. Different gas compositions were considered (pure hydrogen, with or without the presence of CO2/H2S) under a hydrogen partial pressure of 120 bar. The tests were conducted in dry or wet environments. From the results, it can be seen that the hydrogen uptake is low even under the most severe conditions. However, from the mechanical test conducted in this study, it appears that the ferritic pearlitic K55 steel seems to be a suitable pipe material for underground hydrogen storage, and the higher strength steel L80 steel can be used only in non-sour environments (no significant amount of H2S in the reservoir, which is a priori the case of underground storages).

KW - Carbon steel

KW - Constant load tests

KW - Hydrogen embrittlement

KW - Hydrogen storage

KW - Ripple load tests

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85181003738&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.12.123

DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.12.123

M3 - Article

VL - 56.2024

SP - 232

EP - 241

JO - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

SN - 0360-3199

IS - 22 February

ER -