TY - JOUR

T1 - Novel sample-stage for combined near ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, catalytic characterization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

AU - Rameshan, Raffael

AU - Nenning, Andreas

AU - Raschhofer, Johannes

AU - Lindenthal, Lorenz

AU - Ruh, Thomas

AU - Summerer, Harald

AU - Opitz, Alexander Karl

AU - Huber, Tobias Martin

AU - Rameshan, Christoph

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2020/10/17

Y1 - 2020/10/17

N2 - For an in-depth characterization of catalytic materials and their properties, spectroscopic in-situ (operando) investigations are indispensable. With the rapid development of advanced commercial spectroscopic equipment, it is possible to combine complementary methods in a single system. This allows for simultaneously gaining insights into surface and bulk properties of functional oxides, such as defect chemistry, catalytic characteristics, electronic structure, etc., enabling a direct correlation of structure and reactivity of catalyst materials, thus facilitating effective catalyst development. Here, we present a novel sample-stage, which was specifically developed to pave the way to a lab–based combination of near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with simultaneous catalytic operando measurements. This setup is designed to probe different (model) systems under conditions close to real heterogeneous catalysis, with a focus on solid oxide electrochemical cells. In a proof of concept experiment using an electrochemical model cell with the doped perovskite Nd0.6 Ca0.4 Fe0.9 Co0.1 O3-δ as working electrode, the precise control of the surface chemistry that is possible with this setup is demonstrated. The exsolution behavior of the material was studied, showing that at a lower temperature (500◦ C) with lower reducing potential of the gas phase, only cobalt was exsolved, forming metallic particles on the surface of the perovskite-type oxide. Only when the temperature was increased to 600◦ C and a cathodic potential was applied (−250 mV) Fe also started to be released from the perovskite lattice.

AB - For an in-depth characterization of catalytic materials and their properties, spectroscopic in-situ (operando) investigations are indispensable. With the rapid development of advanced commercial spectroscopic equipment, it is possible to combine complementary methods in a single system. This allows for simultaneously gaining insights into surface and bulk properties of functional oxides, such as defect chemistry, catalytic characteristics, electronic structure, etc., enabling a direct correlation of structure and reactivity of catalyst materials, thus facilitating effective catalyst development. Here, we present a novel sample-stage, which was specifically developed to pave the way to a lab–based combination of near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with simultaneous catalytic operando measurements. This setup is designed to probe different (model) systems under conditions close to real heterogeneous catalysis, with a focus on solid oxide electrochemical cells. In a proof of concept experiment using an electrochemical model cell with the doped perovskite Nd0.6 Ca0.4 Fe0.9 Co0.1 O3-δ as working electrode, the precise control of the surface chemistry that is possible with this setup is demonstrated. The exsolution behavior of the material was studied, showing that at a lower temperature (500◦ C) with lower reducing potential of the gas phase, only cobalt was exsolved, forming metallic particles on the surface of the perovskite-type oxide. Only when the temperature was increased to 600◦ C and a cathodic potential was applied (−250 mV) Fe also started to be released from the perovskite lattice.

KW - Catalytic materials

KW - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

KW - In-situ spectroscopy

KW - NAP-XPS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092715058&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/cryst10100947

DO - 10.3390/cryst10100947

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85092715058

VL - 10.2020

JO - Crystals

JF - Crystals

SN - 2073-4352

IS - 10

M1 - 947

ER -