TY - JOUR

T1 - In Vivo Assessment on Freeze-Cast Calcium Phosphate-Based Scaffolds with a Selective Cell/Tissue Ingrowth

AU - Pejchalová, Lucie

AU - Pejchal, Jaroslav

AU - Roleček, Jakub

AU - Vojníková, Michaela

AU - Chlup, Zdeněk

AU - Mařák, Vojtěch

AU - González-Sánchez, Manuela

AU - Čížková, Jana

AU - Salamon, David

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

PY - 2024/10/21

Y1 - 2024/10/21

N2 - Highly porous bioceramic scaffolds are widely used as bone substitutes in many applications. However, the use of bioceramics is often limited to hard tissues due to the risk of potential soft tissue calcification. A further limitation of highly porous bioceramic scaffolds is their poor mechanical stability, manifested by their tendency to break under stress. In our study, highly porous CaP-based scaffolds were prepared via freeze-casting with longitudinal and oriented pores ranging from 10 to 20 μm and a relative porosity of ∼70%. The resulting scaffolds achieved a flexural strength of 10.6 ± 2.7 MPa, which, in conjunction with their favorable bioactivity, made them suitable for in vivo testing. The prepared scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted in rats for two distinct periods: 6 weeks and 6 months, respectively. The subsequent development of fibrous tissue and involvement of myofibroblasts, newly formed vessels, and macrophages were observed, with notable changes in spatial and temporal distributions within the implantation. The absence of calcification in the surrounding soft tissue, as a result of the narrow pore geometry, indicates the opportunity to tailor the scaffold behavior for soft tissue regeneration.

AB - Highly porous bioceramic scaffolds are widely used as bone substitutes in many applications. However, the use of bioceramics is often limited to hard tissues due to the risk of potential soft tissue calcification. A further limitation of highly porous bioceramic scaffolds is their poor mechanical stability, manifested by their tendency to break under stress. In our study, highly porous CaP-based scaffolds were prepared via freeze-casting with longitudinal and oriented pores ranging from 10 to 20 μm and a relative porosity of ∼70%. The resulting scaffolds achieved a flexural strength of 10.6 ± 2.7 MPa, which, in conjunction with their favorable bioactivity, made them suitable for in vivo testing. The prepared scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted in rats for two distinct periods: 6 weeks and 6 months, respectively. The subsequent development of fibrous tissue and involvement of myofibroblasts, newly formed vessels, and macrophages were observed, with notable changes in spatial and temporal distributions within the implantation. The absence of calcification in the surrounding soft tissue, as a result of the narrow pore geometry, indicates the opportunity to tailor the scaffold behavior for soft tissue regeneration.

KW - bioceramics

KW - calcium phosphates

KW - freeze-casting

KW - in vivo

KW - scaffolds

KW - tissue engineering

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206924930&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acsami.4c12715

DO - 10.1021/acsami.4c12715

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85206924930

VL - 16.2024

SP - 58326

EP - 58336

JO - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

JF - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

SN - 1944-8244

IS - 43

ER -