TY - JOUR

T1 - From Permeation to Cluster Arrays

T2 - Graphene on Ir(111) Exposed to Carbon Vapor

AU - Herbig, Charlotte

AU - Knispel, Timo

AU - Simon, Sabina

AU - Schröder, Ulrike A.

AU - Martínez-Galera, Antonio J.

AU - Arman, Mohammad A.

AU - Teichert, Christian

AU - Knudsen, Jan

AU - Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.

AU - Michely, Thomas

PY - 2017/4/20

Y1 - 2017/4/20

N2 - Our scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments along with first-principles calculations uncover the rich phenomenology and enable a coherent understanding of carbon vapor interaction with graphene on Ir(111). At high temperatures, carbon vapor not only permeates to the metal surface but also densifies the graphene cover. Thereby, in addition to underlayer graphene growth, upon cool down also severe wrinkling of the densified graphene cover is observed. In contrast, at low temperatures the adsorbed carbon largely remains on top and self-organizes into a regular array of fullerene-like, thermally highly stable clusters that are covalently bonded to the underlying graphene sheet. Thus, a new type of predominantly sp2-hybridized nanostructured and ultrathin carbon material emerges, which may be useful to encage or stably bind metal in finely dispersed form.

AB - Our scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments along with first-principles calculations uncover the rich phenomenology and enable a coherent understanding of carbon vapor interaction with graphene on Ir(111). At high temperatures, carbon vapor not only permeates to the metal surface but also densifies the graphene cover. Thereby, in addition to underlayer graphene growth, upon cool down also severe wrinkling of the densified graphene cover is observed. In contrast, at low temperatures the adsorbed carbon largely remains on top and self-organizes into a regular array of fullerene-like, thermally highly stable clusters that are covalently bonded to the underlying graphene sheet. Thus, a new type of predominantly sp2-hybridized nanostructured and ultrathin carbon material emerges, which may be useful to encage or stably bind metal in finely dispersed form.

KW - bilayer graphene

KW - carbon deposition

KW - cluster

KW - Graphene

KW - wrinkle

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85019201818&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00550

DO - 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00550

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85019201818

VL - 17.2017

SP - 3105

EP - 3112

JO - Nano Letters

JF - Nano Letters

SN - 1530-6984

IS - 5

ER -