TY - JOUR

T1 - Façade Greening for Healthy Urban Air

T2 - An Umbrella Review on Particulate Matter Reduction, Challenges, and Future Directions

AU - Spörl, Philipp

AU - Trimmel, Simone

AU - Haluza, Daniela

AU - Sauerbrey, Susan

AU - Irrgeher, Johanna

AU - Prohaska, Thomas

AU - Pitha, Ulrike

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.

PY - 2024/1/4

Y1 - 2024/1/4

N2 - Particulate matter (PM) exposure in urban areas is a continuous threat to human health and requires sustainable solutions for effective reduction. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of façade greening and its effects on PM and to identify knowledge gaps. We systematically screened, analyzed, and re-evaluated previous reviews according to the criteria established for an umbrella review. As a result, this study covers and discusses common measurement methods, influencing factors, the effectiveness of façade greening, leaf characteristics, and plant species from different subtopics. The main findings are that inconsistent measurement methods limit the comparability of the analyzed reviews, and different climatic conditions affecting the use of plant species lead to different international effects. Despite the existing studies reporting a positive effect on the reduction of PM, comparability is difficult due to methodological differences and external influences. Given the complexity, interdisciplinary collaboration with experts is essential to increase the effectiveness of façade greening for PM accumulation for healthy urban air. We suggest that this umbrella review provides a foundation for future research and practical implementations, such as a suitable plant selection or façade design, by integrating the results.

AB - Particulate matter (PM) exposure in urban areas is a continuous threat to human health and requires sustainable solutions for effective reduction. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of façade greening and its effects on PM and to identify knowledge gaps. We systematically screened, analyzed, and re-evaluated previous reviews according to the criteria established for an umbrella review. As a result, this study covers and discusses common measurement methods, influencing factors, the effectiveness of façade greening, leaf characteristics, and plant species from different subtopics. The main findings are that inconsistent measurement methods limit the comparability of the analyzed reviews, and different climatic conditions affecting the use of plant species lead to different international effects. Despite the existing studies reporting a positive effect on the reduction of PM, comparability is difficult due to methodological differences and external influences. Given the complexity, interdisciplinary collaboration with experts is essential to increase the effectiveness of façade greening for PM accumulation for healthy urban air. We suggest that this umbrella review provides a foundation for future research and practical implementations, such as a suitable plant selection or façade design, by integrating the results.

KW - air pollution

KW - leaf traits

KW - measuring methods

KW - particulate matter

KW - umbrella review

KW - vertical greenery systems

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85181924506&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/su16010446

DO - 10.3390/su16010446

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85181924506

VL - 16.2024

JO - Sustainability (Switzerland)

JF - Sustainability (Switzerland)

SN - 2071-1050

IS - 1

M1 - 446

ER -