Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers

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Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers. / Hernandez-Mora, Alicia; Duboc, Olivier; Bünemann, Else K. et al.
in: Environmental technology & innovation (OA), Jahrgang 37.2025, Nr. February, 103913, 27.11.2024.

Publikationen: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschung(peer-reviewed)

Harvard

Hernandez-Mora, A, Duboc, O, Bünemann, EK, Ylivainio, K, Lombi, E, Symanczik, S, Horn, D, Delgado, A, Abu Zahra, N, Zuin, L, Doolette, CL, Eigner, H & Santner, J 2024, 'Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers', Environmental technology & innovation (OA), Jg. 37.2025, Nr. February, 103913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913

APA

Hernandez-Mora, A., Duboc, O., Bünemann, E. K., Ylivainio, K., Lombi, E., Symanczik, S., Horn, D., Delgado, A., Abu Zahra, N., Zuin, L., Doolette, C. L., Eigner, H., & Santner, J. (2024). Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers. Environmental technology & innovation (OA), 37.2025(February), Artikel 103913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913

Vancouver

Hernandez-Mora A, Duboc O, Bünemann EK, Ylivainio K, Lombi E, Symanczik S et al. Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers. Environmental technology & innovation (OA). 2024 Nov 27;37.2025(February):103913. doi: 10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913

Author

Hernandez-Mora, Alicia ; Duboc, Olivier ; Bünemann, Else K. et al. / Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers. in: Environmental technology & innovation (OA). 2024 ; Jahrgang 37.2025, Nr. February.

Bibtex - Download

@article{ed059fcce18f4f94aec66ccea684cbe7,
title = "Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers",
abstract = "Phosphorus (P) recycling for fertilizer production addresses the dependency on phosphate rock and mitigates P losses to the environment. However, predicting plant-available P in recycled fertilizers is challenging due to their diverse chemical composition. This study aimed at identifying the most suitable P extraction method for fertilizer compliance testing, considering their correlation with actual fertilization efficiency, as well as their simplicity, throughput, recognition and cost. Studies on fertilizer P compliance testing often lack recommendations on minimum P extractability threshold values. Here, thresholds are calculated based on actual fertilization efficiency of a large, chemically diverse set of recycled P fertilizers, many of which are already marketed. Thirty recycled P fertilizers were extracted with H2O, neutral ammonium citrate (NAC), electro-ultrafiltration (EUF), ferrihydrite-filled membranes (iron bag; IB), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). The mineral replacement value (MRV) of the fertilizer set was previously evaluated in three pot experiments at a fertilization rate of 50 mg kg−1 soil. MRV correlations with the extractions methods showed similar results for all besides H2O, which cannot be a reliable indicator for P availability. Fertilizers were classified as efficient or inefficient based on their MRV exceeding or falling below 60 % of the triple superphosphate reference value. The minimum P extractability threshold value (MPETV) for each method was based on the efficiency classification and it minimized the number of misclassified fertilizers. NAC, with a 60 % extractable minimum P threshold value, was the most adequate method for compliance testing, despite its overestimation of iron phosphate availability.",
author = "Alicia Hernandez-Mora and Olivier Duboc and B{\"u}nemann, {Else K.} and Kari Ylivainio and Enzo Lombi and Sarah Symanczik and Dietmar Horn and Antonio Delgado and {Abu Zahra}, Nadine and Lucia Zuin and Doolette, {Casey L.} and Herbert Eigner and Jakob Santner",
year = "2024",
month = nov,
day = "27",
doi = "10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913",
language = "English",
volume = "37.2025",
journal = " Environmental technology & innovation (OA)",
issn = "2352-1864",
publisher = "Elsevier",
number = "February",

}

RIS (suitable for import to EndNote) - Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaluation of Six Phosphorus Extraction Methods for Compliance Testing of Recycled P Fertilizers

AU - Hernandez-Mora, Alicia

AU - Duboc, Olivier

AU - Bünemann, Else K.

AU - Ylivainio, Kari

AU - Lombi, Enzo

AU - Symanczik, Sarah

AU - Horn, Dietmar

AU - Delgado, Antonio

AU - Abu Zahra, Nadine

AU - Zuin, Lucia

AU - Doolette, Casey L.

AU - Eigner, Herbert

AU - Santner, Jakob

PY - 2024/11/27

Y1 - 2024/11/27

N2 - Phosphorus (P) recycling for fertilizer production addresses the dependency on phosphate rock and mitigates P losses to the environment. However, predicting plant-available P in recycled fertilizers is challenging due to their diverse chemical composition. This study aimed at identifying the most suitable P extraction method for fertilizer compliance testing, considering their correlation with actual fertilization efficiency, as well as their simplicity, throughput, recognition and cost. Studies on fertilizer P compliance testing often lack recommendations on minimum P extractability threshold values. Here, thresholds are calculated based on actual fertilization efficiency of a large, chemically diverse set of recycled P fertilizers, many of which are already marketed. Thirty recycled P fertilizers were extracted with H2O, neutral ammonium citrate (NAC), electro-ultrafiltration (EUF), ferrihydrite-filled membranes (iron bag; IB), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). The mineral replacement value (MRV) of the fertilizer set was previously evaluated in three pot experiments at a fertilization rate of 50 mg kg−1 soil. MRV correlations with the extractions methods showed similar results for all besides H2O, which cannot be a reliable indicator for P availability. Fertilizers were classified as efficient or inefficient based on their MRV exceeding or falling below 60 % of the triple superphosphate reference value. The minimum P extractability threshold value (MPETV) for each method was based on the efficiency classification and it minimized the number of misclassified fertilizers. NAC, with a 60 % extractable minimum P threshold value, was the most adequate method for compliance testing, despite its overestimation of iron phosphate availability.

AB - Phosphorus (P) recycling for fertilizer production addresses the dependency on phosphate rock and mitigates P losses to the environment. However, predicting plant-available P in recycled fertilizers is challenging due to their diverse chemical composition. This study aimed at identifying the most suitable P extraction method for fertilizer compliance testing, considering their correlation with actual fertilization efficiency, as well as their simplicity, throughput, recognition and cost. Studies on fertilizer P compliance testing often lack recommendations on minimum P extractability threshold values. Here, thresholds are calculated based on actual fertilization efficiency of a large, chemically diverse set of recycled P fertilizers, many of which are already marketed. Thirty recycled P fertilizers were extracted with H2O, neutral ammonium citrate (NAC), electro-ultrafiltration (EUF), ferrihydrite-filled membranes (iron bag; IB), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). The mineral replacement value (MRV) of the fertilizer set was previously evaluated in three pot experiments at a fertilization rate of 50 mg kg−1 soil. MRV correlations with the extractions methods showed similar results for all besides H2O, which cannot be a reliable indicator for P availability. Fertilizers were classified as efficient or inefficient based on their MRV exceeding or falling below 60 % of the triple superphosphate reference value. The minimum P extractability threshold value (MPETV) for each method was based on the efficiency classification and it minimized the number of misclassified fertilizers. NAC, with a 60 % extractable minimum P threshold value, was the most adequate method for compliance testing, despite its overestimation of iron phosphate availability.

U2 - 10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913

DO - 10.1016/j.eti.2024.103913

M3 - Article

VL - 37.2025

JO - Environmental technology & innovation (OA)

JF - Environmental technology & innovation (OA)

SN - 2352-1864

IS - February

M1 - 103913

ER -