Coal mine rescue operation conditions are complex and gathering all kinds of risk factors, which is prone to make accidents. The study of unsafe acts and conditions and their relationship are very important on the prevention of coal mine accidents caused by rescue. In this thesis, through data collection, the coal mine rescue accidents’ sample library ablished have 69 accidentsfrom 1981 to 2011, and these accidents are analyzed from time, death toll, location. This paper focuses on direct unsafe act and high-frequency unsafe acts which lead to coal mine rescue accidents, as well as the cause of unsafe condition. onclusions are drawn. In 69 coal mine rescue accidents, casualties of rescuers are mostly from 3 to 10. Coal mine rescue accidents mostly happen in following seven locations: mining return air stone door, coal face, gob, transit haulage way, contact lane, fire dam, driving lane and occupying a total of 82.61%. There are five categories of direct unsafe acts which cause coal mine rescue accidents：not wearing respirators as required, not following the requirement of gas detection, the ambulance crew poor ability, technical measures not in place and violation commanding. the four aspects unsafe conditions for coal mine accident caused by rescue, unsafe condition of the personal protective equipment was the highest frequency. It preliminary explores the relevance of mine rescue accident unsafe and unsafe conditions.