The regular surveying of the operation to update the mining map or as basis of safety and operational control is one of the central tasks in the extraction of raw materials. Due to the fact that operations are progressing faster and faster and due to high personnel and time expenditure for conventional surveying methods, UAV-based (unmanned aerial vehicle) photogrammetric methods have been a valuable addition for some time now, while their distribution is still growing rapidly. Although comparable systems have been well established in practice, the achievable accuracy and, in particular, the accuracy-influencing factors have not yet been finally investigated, which is why this thesis aims at precisely this question. In addition to theoretical analyzes and the numerical simulation of individual process steps, practical research on laboratory and real-scale forms the core of the research work to answer the questions raised. In accordance with the principles of “Design of Experiments“, different tests were made to map the real conditions and areas of application in the best possible way, and based on a series of preliminary tests to determine the system boundaries, the influence of flight altitude, image overlap, spatial configuration of ray intersections and ground control point arrangement for georegistration and scaling was examined closer. The assessment of the accuracy achieved was carried out on the one hand as a point-by-point comparison to superordinate precise reference points and on the other hand, in order to find possible reasons for recognized phenomena, the “internal accuracy“ relating to the evaluation process was also included in the considerations. The results of the investigations initially show that the “correct“ use (system design, flight planning and processing) can comply with the accuracy requirements of Markscheideverordnung 2013 (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend, 2013), and that the UAV-based surveying can be a valuable addition to fulfil the tasks in open pit mine surveying. With regard to parameter identification, the significant influences of flight altitude, image overlap and orientation of the camera axis relative to the object are to be mentioned, whereby in particular the effective direction of the flight altitude - which is contrary to the original expectations - stands out. In contradiction to the relations expected from conventional photogrammetry, the altitude has an inverse influence on the accuracy when using Structure from Motion, whereby the increased accuracy seems to be directly related to the stability of the image linkage or the number of valid linkage points. In summary, the extensive dataset and analysis of the present work provides a theoretical and scientific basis for flight planning using SfM and thus represents an important guideline for current and future users.