The western region of China occupies an increasingly important position in the entire national economy due to its rich resources, vast area, economic and technological accumulation of a certain scale. Mine ventilation is an important guarantee for the safe production of underground mines, but most of China's western regions are high-altitude areas. The climate is characterized by low atmospheric pressure, thin air and lack of oxygen, and a dry and cold climate, which has caused great problems to the development of mineral resources. This paper analyzes the influence of high altitude and low-pressure hypoxia environment on mine production equipment and health of underground workers. Taking the Pulang Copper Mine as the research background, the mine construction scale, development system, and mining methods are comprehensively analyzed. A ventilation method with oxygenation as the final purpose and artificial pressure as the main measure is proposed. According to the relevant theories of aero hydrodynamics and mine ventilation, the feasibility of the overall pressurization and local pressurization ventilation methods is analyzed and compared, and a pressurization method combining energy-increasing adjustment and resistance increasing adjustment is proposed and established according to the actual situation of the mine. The model uses Fluent software to simulate the localized pressurized ventilation method in the stope face, analyzes and summarizes the simulation results, and further verifies the feasibility of the artificial pressurized aeration and ventilation technology. At the same time, according to the fan similarity rule, the difference between the fan in plateau and plain area is analyzed. The theory analyzes the change of the fan's operating point in the plateau and plain areas, and determines the plateau fan selection process. The correction factor provides a certain reference for the selection of high-pressure fans in the plateau mines.