Due to economical, ecological and legislative reasons, the paper industry is forced to operate its facilities in an energy efficient- and natural resources saving way. In this context, this Master Thesis explains important production methods for paper and cardboard and describes measures that are taken in European pulp- and paper mills to reduce the demand of energy and raw materials and to minimize energy losses along the production process. Beginning with the pre-treatment of the wood logs (e.g.: debarking) to the final product that leaves the paper machine, this Master Thesis explains different technologies, such as waste- and energy recovery processes, that contribute to an energy efficient production process.