The consequences of climate change are already noticeable. More and more people are campaigning for climate protection and in politics, climate protection is moving into the focus of government activities. For holistic decarbonization, it is essential that companies in the transportation sector, among others, address the issue. To ensure compliance with the EU's climate targets, many transport companies face a major challenge. The transport sector and especially heavy goods transport is an area where improvements in CO2 emissions are difficult to achieve. In Austria, for example, the road is the main mode of transport for freight traffic. One possibility for a reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) for heavy-duty vehicles is the use of alternative technologies and energy sources. For the implementation and introduction of alternative energy sources in heavy-duty transport by the years 2030 and 2050, concrete legislative requirements are needed on the one hand and on the other hand also showcase companies that develop and implement strategies for the implementation of their fleet. This work aims to make a recommendation for a future fleet composition for the years 2030 and 2050 for Austria. Therefore, in the first step, the structure of road freight transport is considered and which possibilities for decarbonization in freight transport are target-oriented. A systematic literature search is conducted in the Scopus database to investigate the current state of the literature on the decarbonization of road freight transport. By analyzing the titles and abstracts and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, relevant studies were identified for the research topic. Subsequently, the systematic literature review is used to analyze different scenarios for the spread of alternative propulsion technologies and energy sources in Europe. As a result, the scenarios are critically filtered for their informative value for Austria. Thereby, recommendations for the Austrian legislation, research landscape, and transport industry regarding the vehicle fleet of the years 2030 and 2050 can be given.