A comprehensive review of processing strategies for iron precipitation residues from zinc hydrometallurgy
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In: Cleaner Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4.2021, No. October, 100214, 10.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - A comprehensive review of processing strategies for iron precipitation residues from zinc hydrometallurgy
AU - Höber, Lukas
AU - Steinlechner, Stefan
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Comprehensive amounts of valuable elements are lost due to the disposal of waste materials which are generated during the hydrometallurgical production of zinc. Those wastes, mainly jarosite or goethite, are predominantly immobilized and disposed on open landfills whereby the contained elements are not extracted. Several strategies were investigated to face increasing needs regarding ecological and economical improvements of the current situation. This review compares processes for immobilization and hydro-, as well as pyrometallurgical treatments of iron precipitation residues. The Jarofix process to immobilize jarosite waste is widely used to generate a product with good elution properties for subsequent safe disposal. It is the only accepted and used method for the dedicated treatment of jarosite, resulting in significant losses of valuable metals and land use in the course of the disposal procedure. A few pyrometallurgical processes are in operation which use top submerged lance reactors or waelz kilns for the co-treatment of jarosite waste on industrial scale. However, a broad variety of hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical strategies for the utilization of iron precipitation residues was pursued solely on a laboratory scale. Due to intensifying ecological restrictions and the geographic concentration of critical elements like indium, silver, gallium and germanium, the recycling of jarosite and goethite is constantly being more focused. This literature review gives a comprising overview on strategies which were developed for the processing of those waste materials.
AB - Comprehensive amounts of valuable elements are lost due to the disposal of waste materials which are generated during the hydrometallurgical production of zinc. Those wastes, mainly jarosite or goethite, are predominantly immobilized and disposed on open landfills whereby the contained elements are not extracted. Several strategies were investigated to face increasing needs regarding ecological and economical improvements of the current situation. This review compares processes for immobilization and hydro-, as well as pyrometallurgical treatments of iron precipitation residues. The Jarofix process to immobilize jarosite waste is widely used to generate a product with good elution properties for subsequent safe disposal. It is the only accepted and used method for the dedicated treatment of jarosite, resulting in significant losses of valuable metals and land use in the course of the disposal procedure. A few pyrometallurgical processes are in operation which use top submerged lance reactors or waelz kilns for the co-treatment of jarosite waste on industrial scale. However, a broad variety of hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical strategies for the utilization of iron precipitation residues was pursued solely on a laboratory scale. Due to intensifying ecological restrictions and the geographic concentration of critical elements like indium, silver, gallium and germanium, the recycling of jarosite and goethite is constantly being more focused. This literature review gives a comprising overview on strategies which were developed for the processing of those waste materials.
KW - Extraction of valuable elements from jarosite and goethite
KW - Goethite processing
KW - Hydrometallurgical zinc wastes
KW - Iron precipitation residues
KW - Jarosite processing
KW - Processing of metallurgical by-products
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116062143&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.clet.2021.100214
DO - 10.1016/j.clet.2021.100214
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85116062143
VL - 4.2021
JO - Cleaner Engineering and Technology
JF - Cleaner Engineering and Technology
SN - 2666-7908
IS - October
M1 - 100214
ER -