The effect of liquid phase chemistry on the densification and strength of cold sintered ZnO
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in: Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Jahrgang 43.2023, Nr. 4, 2023, S. 1531-1541.
Publikationen: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Artikel › Forschung › (peer-reviewed)
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of liquid phase chemistry on the densification and strength of cold sintered ZnO
AU - Jabr, Abdullah
AU - Fanghanel, Julian
AU - Zongming, Fan
AU - Bermejo, Raul
AU - Randall, Clive A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Cold sintering is a chemo-mechanical densification process which allows densification of ceramics at low temperatures below 300 °C. This substantial reduction in the sintering temperature is enabled by an externally applied pressure and a compatible transient liquid phase. In this paper, ZnO is cold sintered using various commercial organic acids: formic, acetic and citric acid. The effect of these different transient phases on densification, microstructural evolution and mechanical response is investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to explain the chemical interactions in the cold sintering process. High relative densities (∼ 96 %) were achieved by formic and acetic acid, whereas poor densification was obtained for citric acid (< 80 %), despite the higher expected solubility of zinc oxide. The higher biaxial strength found in samples sintered with formic acid compared to acetic acid (i.e. ∼90 MPa vs. ∼40 MPa) is discussed supported by fractographic analyses.
AB - Cold sintering is a chemo-mechanical densification process which allows densification of ceramics at low temperatures below 300 °C. This substantial reduction in the sintering temperature is enabled by an externally applied pressure and a compatible transient liquid phase. In this paper, ZnO is cold sintered using various commercial organic acids: formic, acetic and citric acid. The effect of these different transient phases on densification, microstructural evolution and mechanical response is investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to explain the chemical interactions in the cold sintering process. High relative densities (∼ 96 %) were achieved by formic and acetic acid, whereas poor densification was obtained for citric acid (< 80 %), despite the higher expected solubility of zinc oxide. The higher biaxial strength found in samples sintered with formic acid compared to acetic acid (i.e. ∼90 MPa vs. ∼40 MPa) is discussed supported by fractographic analyses.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143863596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.11.071
DO - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.11.071
M3 - Article
VL - 43.2023
SP - 1531
EP - 1541
JO - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
SN - 0955-2219
IS - 4
ER -